Pythagorean Philosophy and its influence on Musical :: essays research papers

Fundamentals of Musical Acoustics. New York DoverPublications Ferrara, Lawrence (1991). Philosophy and theAnalysis of Music. New York Greenwood Press.Johnston, Ian (1989). Measured Tones. New York IOPPublishing. Rowell, Lewis (1983). Thinking About Music.Amhurst The University of mammy Press. "Music isthe harmonization of opposites, the unification of disparatethings, and the conciliation of warring elements...Music isthe basis of agreement among things in nature and of thebest government in the universe. As a rule it assumes theguise of harmony in the universe, of lawful government in astate, and of a sensible way of life in the home. It bringstogether and unites." - The Pythagoreans both schoolstudent volition recognize his name as the originator of thattheorem which offers many cheerful facts about the squareon the hypotenuse. Many European philosophers will callhim the father of philosophy. Many scientists will call himthe father of science. To musicians, nonetheless,P ythagoras is the father of music. According to Johnston, itwas a much told story that one day the young Pythagoraswas qualifying a blacksmiths shop and his ear was caught bythe regular intervals of sounds from the anvil. When hediscovered that the hammers were of different weights, itoccured to him that the intervals might be related to thoseweights. Pythagoras was correct. Pythagorean philosophy maintained that all things are numbers. Based on the beliefthat numbers were the building blocks of everything,Pythagoras began linking numbers and music.Revolutionizing music, Pythagoras findings generatedtheorems and standards for musical scales, relationships,instruments, and creative formation. Musical scales becamedefined, and taught. Instrument makers began a precision preliminary to device construction. Composers developednew attitudes of composition that encompassed afoundation of numeric value in addition to melody. All threeapproaches were based on Pythagorean philosophy. Thus,Py thagoras relationship between numbers and music had aprofound influence on future musical education,instrumentation, and composition. The intrinsic discoverymade by Pythagoras was the latent order to the chaosof music. Pythagoras began subdividing different intervalsand pitches into distinct notes. Mathematically he dividedintervals into wholes, thirds, and halves. "Four distinctmusical ratios were discovered the tone, its fourth, its fifth,and its octave." (Johnston, 1989). From these ratios thePythagorean scale was introduced. This scalerevolutionized music. Pythagorean relationships of ratiosheld true for any initial pitch. This discovery, in turn,reformed musical education. "With the standardization ofmusic, musical creativity could be recorded, taught, andreproduced." (Rowell, 1983). Modern day fingerexercises, such as the Hanons, are neither based on melodyor creativity. They are simply based on the Pythagoreanscale, and are executed from various initial pitch es.Creating a foundation for musical representation, works

Technology Negatively Affects Children Essay -- Electronic Games, Text

The current generation of children is completely different than the preceding ones. They are living in the digital age. Technology has blended in with free-and-easy activity to become a way of life and children today take for granted any of which is automated. It is hard for kids nowadays to imagine a world that existed without all of the gadgets, electronics and seamless(prenominal) operations that computer technology provides. (3) Children in the United States devote some 40 hours a week to television, video games and the Internet. (12) Many psychologists and researchers are interested about the impact that technology has on children. Children, tomorrows future parents and leaders, are being consumed by the negative effects that technology had on their breeding (3). The use of modern technology impairs children by weakening social, emotional, physical, and cognitive development.(paragraph)Technology affects social development in children in many different ways. Children acquire electronic games, personal computers, and cell phones at ever-younger ages. Surveys indicate that about 82% of children are online by 7th grade and experience about 6.5 hours per day of media exposure. Most children return more through electronic devices and spend less face time with family members and peers. Text messaging and emails provide limited of no access to other multitudes emotions, and the rich language of non verbal communication that in real-time interactions is lost. The quality of family time is compromised if children are using technology. The family would not be able to rag very much during dinner time because of distractions like watching television, listening to music, checking email, answering the phone, and text messaging (7).(paragr... ...aine. The problem is that release means there is less dopamine available when the child needs to perform other, less enjoyable tasks, such as homework. Video games are not like cocaine, but your originator things they are cocaine. (13)(paragraph)In days of yesteryear, kids lived a more carefree life than those growing up in todays automated world. Todays constant access to news feeds showcases a plethora of the bad and unfortunate events happening across the globe and as a result, it seems parental fear is heightened.(3) all over the internet and television there are awful news stories that could make children scared about their security. It will make them not able to intrust the world and they will have a more cynical view on the world as a whole.(paragraph)Most people do not think about how technology affects a childs physical development and well being.

Slavery in the United States Essay example -- Slavery Essays

Sla actually in the United States In the history of the United States nothing has brought more shame to the face of the States than the cold, premeditated method of keeping black people in captivity. People from England who migrated to America used m any different methods to enslave black people and passed them stamp out through the children. These methods were quite effective, so effective that these slaves were unbroken in captivity for over two hundred years in this uncouth. It was the rain of terror that kept black people in fear of their lives for so long. The invention of the gun back in the fifth-teenth century was the main reason that these people were able to go to another continent and enslave so many people. These people from Africa were mistreated very badly right from the start both mentally and physically. They were packed very tightly on ships for months at a time chained to each other with no place to go to the bathroom, little water to drink, and hardly anything to eat. As the population constantly increased in the colonies during the 1600s, so did the demand for slavery especially in the southern colonies where the big plantations were. These plantations were very lucrative since the owners had free manual labor and they could keep all the profit from the crops for themselves. They as well had to justify what they were doing to themselves so what they did was tell themselves that these slaves were barbaric and not smart enough to be civilized. Th ese slave owners also owned huge houses in the middle of their plantations and thought of themselves as noblemen. In acuality, it was the slaves who were living nobly while the Europeans were living barbaricly. The Europeans who owned slaves also thought that the sl... ...un force play is what created slavery. Keeping the fear in the eyes of the slaves is what kept them working under such poor conditions everyday, while their friends and family could be sold away at any time or place. Learning English and being able to read and write is what educated these men and women. Once they were educated enough, they could secretly plan leave routes to the north and finally get some sympathy for their people which would eventually lead to the Civil War. This war was about right and wrong. There is a example way to make money and then there is an immoral way to make a living. Slavery is the number one event in our countrys history that has disgraced and put shame to our culture. Even though not everyone owned slaves, one bad apple spoils the bunch. Hopefully people give learn from history, and immoral actions or events like slavery will not take place again.

Essay on Voltaire’s Candide: The Accuracy of Candide -- Voltaire Candi

Voltaire is correct in Candide, where he argues that life on orb is hell in many ways. Voltaire accurately describes how selfish people often are and how they inflict misery on others as a result. Voltaire also describes accurately common forms of scratchiness in society. Although he may be mistaken that all fights are equally senseless and avoidable, Voltaire is correct in showing that war inevitably produces atrocities, which makes for hell on land. In support of these statements, lets examine Voltaires accurate description of human selfishness. An example would be the behavior of the sailor who Pangloss and Candide met on their transit to Lisbon. This sailor was rescued from dr suffering by Jacques the Anabaptist. Yet when Jacques fell into the sea himself, the sailor refused to risk his own life to save him. As a result of this selfishness, Jacques died. later on on, when the sailor reached shore, he ignored the sufferings of people horribly injured by a recent earthquak e. Instead the sailor took money from them in order to arrest drunk and hire a prostitute. This sailor was wholly self-centered and uncaring about anyone else and by not helping anybody out he in launch inflicted misery on them. When the terrorists destroyed the World Trade Centers, and many police and firemen were killed, many people received money for relatives that did not die, and used the money for gambling, take in and whores. Human nature in this regard has not changed since the book was written. This being so, Voltaires description of how human selfishness can often turn life on earth into a hell is accurate. Voltaires depiction of how common cruelty is in society is also well supported. For example, Voltaire describes how Candide en... ... again as an example, there were many instances of people who risked their own lives to save others and as a result received citations and promotions as well as the admiration of their family and friends. This objection to my argumen t, however, does not take an important thrust of Candide into account. That is, that Voltaire mat that he had to use exaggeration and one-sided presentation to make sure his audience did not refuse to contemplate deeply just how much cruelty and selfishness exists at all times all around them and how much people suffer because of that. Works Cited and Consulted Frautschi, R.L. Barrons Simplified Approach to Voltaire Candide. New York Barrons Educational Series, Inc., 1998. Lowers, James K, ed. slump Notes on Voltaires Candide. Lincoln Cliff Notes, Inc. 1995. Voltaire. Candide. New York Viking Publishers, 1976.

Illegal Downloading is Stealing :: essays research papers

Illegal Downloading is StealingWith the popularity of the Internet, sales for CDs, DVDs, Movies, and many other products have increased. Along with the increase of sales has brought forth an forever increasing problem of illegal media being downloaded. Programs such as Bittorent, Kazaa, and other direct-connect networking programs have allowed the transferring of such illegal media. Downloading song files from the Internet over a ease peer to peer network is the moral equivalent of shoplifting music CDs from the local mall.When you download any illegal media you atomic number 18 getting something for free that everyone else is requisite to pay a fee for. DVDs and CDs that cost others anywhere from 15 dollars to 60 dollars or more are being distributed for free as long as you have a download client. If you have programs such as Bittorent or Kazaa, you only have to find someone that already has the media on their computer, in which they each paid for the copies or they too downl oaded the media illegally from someone else. On most of the real media (the cases), it states that you are not to distribute or copy the material because it is an illegal act, and you will be punished if caught.Not only is downloading this media illegal, it is also morally wrong. It is our responsibility to know the difference between right and wrong - downloading this media is something that shouldnt be done. The artists that create the CDs pay a lot of money to make the CDs for our pleasure, and in return they expect everyone to pay for their CDs (its how they make their money). In this respect, downloading illegal music through peer to peer networks is the equivalent to take a CD from an actual store.By downloading any type of media for free that is normally paid for through a store, unless so stated, you are breaking the law. There have been many laws written that forbid the downloading of any copyrighted materials such as music CDs, Movies, and computer programs. If you are c aught downloading any of these types of media, or found to have any on your computer, you can and will be fined or even jailed. The same consequences would be applied if you were caught stealing from a store. As suggests, there is no difference if you steal from a store, or steal it through your computer.

Illegal Downloading is Stealing :: essays research papers

Illegal Downloading is StealingWith the popularity of the Internet, sales for CDs, DVDs, Movies, and m whatsoever other products get hold of increased. Along with the increase of sales has brought forth an ever change magnitude problem of illegal media being downloaded. Programs such as Bittorent, Kazaa, and other direct-connect networking programs have allowed the transferring of such illegal media. Downloading song files from the Internet over a free associate to partner network is the moral equivalent of shoplifting music CDs from the local mall.When you download any illegal media you are getting something for free that everyone else is required to lucre a fee for. DVDs and CDs that cost others anywhere from 15 dollars to 60 dollars or more are being distributed for free as long as you have a download client. If you have programs such as Bittorent or Kazaa, you only have to find someone that already has the media on their computer, in which they either pay for the copies or they too downloaded the media illegally from someone else. On most of the real media (the cases), it states that you are not to distribute or copy the material because it is an illegal act, and you give be punished if caught.Not only is downloading this media illegal, it is also morally wrong. It is our responsibility to know the difference between right and wrong - downloading this media is something that shouldnt be done. The artists that construct the CDs pay a lot of money to make the CDs for our pleasure, and in return they expect everyone to pay for their CDs (its how they make their money). In this respect, downloading illegal music through peer to peer networks is the equivalent to stealing a CD from an actual store.By downloading any type of media for free that is normally paid for through a store, unless so stated, you are breaking the law. There have been many laws written that forbid the downloading of any copyrighted materials such as music CDs, Movies, and computer programs. If you are caught downloading any of these types of media, or found to have any on your computer, you can and will be fined or even jailed. The same consequences would be applied if you were caught stealing from a store. As suggests, there is no difference if you steal from a store, or steal it through your computer.

Health & Hygiene Essay

Contents1 Introduction2.1 Food synthetic rubber and hazards2.2 Food pollution and its stir to human body2.3 Foodborn illness and bar measures2.4 Employees responsibilities in sustenance service and potential guidelines 3 Conclusion4 References5 Appendices5.1 HACCP Principles5.2 Gilling-Taylor get of HCCP barriers5.3 The measuring stick model1 IntroductionAs written in(Sprenger, 2009, p7) Hygiene is the science of preserving health. Food hygiene involves more than keeping it clean, it contains all the essential procedures to guarantee safety and bile of aliment throughout preparation, processing, manufacturing, packaging, storage, distribution, handling and offering for sale or supply to the consumer. 2.1 Food safety and hazardsFood establishments are supposed to structure a food safety concern system, this could be because of either internal or external aims. Nowadays, the food business is also liable for presenting in a clear way exactly how the food safety has been plann ed and secured. This has been accomplished through the progress of Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points (HACCP) plan as part of the food establishments safety assurance systems. HACCP is a controlled and organized method for convincing food safety. According to(Fotopoulos, Kafetzopoulos and Psomas, 2009, p.895) The main aim of the HACCP system are the identification, assessment and the control of food-borne safety hazards. To close it, HACCP is an instrument for the increased improvement, with a purpose to make a safety promise and a well thought-out manner for food safety. 2.2 Food befoulment and its impact tohuman bodyFood contamination is involved with the issue and area food poisoning. According to(Sprenger, 2009, p.87) Management must ensure that there is discriminate supervision to prevent contamination of food. There are four kinds of contamination/hazards The first one is microbiological hazards that is caused by for example bacteria or parasites. This type of contam ination is classified as the most serious and is able to impact the body with food poisoning or even death. The second one is physical hazards. This is a contamination that is generally spiteful and painful and can contain parts of paper, metal or plastic. The third contamination is chemical hazards which usually consist of quicksilver in fish or condenses from cleaning substances.The fourth is allergenic hazards and it impacts the body with items much(prenominal) as milk, cereals, peanuts and eggs. As written in(Sprenger, 2009, p64) the Food Service Sanitation manual(a) of the Food and Drug Administration states that At all times, including storage, preparation, display, service and distribution, food shall be protected from potential contamination, including dust, insects, rodents, dirty equipment, unnecessary handling, coughs and sneezes, flooding, drainage and overhead escape or condensation. 2.3 Foodborn illness and prevention measuresWritten by(Eunice Taylor, 2008, p480) D espite great advances in modern technology, producing safe food and keeping it safe remains a worldwide public health job with illness caused by the consumption of contaminated food described as the most widespread health problem in the contemporary world (BenEmbarek, 2002). The classification of foodborn illness is every infections caused by the consuming of the food contamination, viruses and pathogenic bacteria. Reasons for foodborn illness are time temperature mishandling, low personalized hygiene and contamination.All the just mentioned reasons can be extremely hazardous so its crucial for all operations to prevent it and as mentioned in(Sprenger, 2009, p52) prevention is done through methods such as Ensuring the safety of all water supplies, its crucial to chlorinate water that is used for preparation or drinking. Ensuring a satisfactory disposal of sewage. Ensuring the heat treatment of milk and milk products. Double-wash ready-to-eat fruit and vegetables.2.4 Employees responsibilities in food service and potential guidelinesTo achieve the key elements in carrying out the HACCP system successfully and ensuring a safe working environment in terms of hygiene, the operation needs a structured and required program that employees has to follow. As written by(Fotopoulos, Kafetzopoulos and Psomas, 2009, p.897) For all types of food businesses, management awareness and commitment is necessary for the implementation of an effective HACCP system. The method will also depend on the management and employees possessing the proper skills and knowledge.Further written by(Fotopoulos, Kafetzopoulos and Psomas, 2009, p.897) A weak analysis of the potential hazards because of inadequate skills and knowledge leads to ineffective food safety management. This is why training is deliberated as an important and necessary element of the effective food safety management. So to give examples of potential guidelines, the employee should be properly updated and informed of h ow the whole operation works, such as out-of-date food, spillage, refrigerator controlling, monitoring temperatures, storage of food etc.3 ConclusionTo summarize the above mentioned facts, we can state that hygiene is a crucial regulation that we have to follow in order to operate the company successfully, based on the facts that it is an effective method to avoid the different forms of hazards that appears in the food industry.4 ReferencesFotopoulos, C.V. Kafetzopoulos, D.P. and Psomas, E.L. (2009) Assessing the critical factors and their impact on the effective implementation of a food safety management system, International Journal of attribute & Reliability Management, Vol. 26 No. 9, pp.894 910. Poulston, J. (2008) Hospitality workplace problems and poor training a close relationship, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 20 No. 4, pp.412 427. Sprenger, R.A. (2009) Hygiene for Management, 15th ed. DoncasterHighfield Taylor, E. (2008) HACCP for the hospitality industry History in the making, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 20 No. 5, pp. 480 493.5 Appendices5.1 HACCP PrinciplesSource Taylor, E. HACCP for the hospitality industry History in the making (2008, p. 481)5.2 Gilling-Taylor model of HCCP barriersSource Taylor, E HACCP for the hospitality industry history in the making (2008, p. 486)5.3 The measurement modelSource Fotopoulos, Kafetzopoulos and Psomas Assessing food safety (2009, p. 902)

Book: Kindergarten and Bibliographic Citation Essay

Annotated bibliographic reference Blackstone, Stella. (2010) Octopus Opposites. Cambridge, MA Barefoot Books Title Octopus Opposites Author Stella Blackstone Illustrator Stephanie Bauer course Published 2010 Genre ideal Brief Synopsis This maintain discusses animals and their opposites. Suggested developmental take aim This book would be appropriate for children birth to first grade based on the childrens practice session levels. It will help in teaching the concept of opposites. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Matzke Ann, H. (2011) Can you guess? Vero Beach, FL Rourke Publishing Title Can You Guess?Author Ann H. Matzke Illustrator Tara Raymo stratum Published 2011 Genre Interaction Brief Synopsis This book is based on the math concept of more or less. It gives young children the opportunity to campaign their math skills with answering the questions in the book. Suggested developmental aim I think this book would be appropriate for young children in grades in kindergarten t o first grade. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Lyon, George, Ella. (2010) The pirate of kindergarten. New York, NY Antheneum Books For Young Readers Title The Pirate of Kindergarten Author George Ella Lyon.Illustrator Lynne Avril course of instruction Published 2010 Genre Storybook Brief Synopsis Ginny is a kindergartner who has double raft making it harder for her to successfully participate in her classs activities. She sees two of everything so Ginny has trouble reading, coloring, and slicingting. One twenty-four hour period, her class has participates in vision screening day where Ginny learns she has to visit and eye doctor to get glasses. Ginnys eye doctor tells her she will be wearing a patch until her glasses come in. at a time Ginnys glasses are in, she can see everything in her classroom and this makes her very happy.Suggested Developmental take aim The appropriate age level for this book would be children in pre- instruct to second-grade. Annotated Bibliographic Ci tation Gibbs, Edward. (2011) I spy with my little eye. Templar Books Title I spy With My teensy-weensy Eye Author Edward Gibbs Illustrator N/A Year Published 2011 Genre Interaction, Predictable Brief Synopsis This book is a predictable I spy book. On the pages a small circle is cut out leading to whats on the undermentioned page. Clues are read to help the children guess what animal may be on the following page.Suggested Developmental Level This book would be appropriate for children in pre-school to first grade. Because some of the clues are modify, this book will aide in helping children learn colors as well as taking educated guesses. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Sierra, Judy. (2012) Wild close you. NY Alfred A. Knopf Title Wild about You Author Judy Sierra Illustrator Marc cook Year Published 2012 Genre Storybook Brief Synopsis A new egg has arrived at the zoo but the zookeeper doesnt know what animal may be inside. All of the zoo animals debate on who will hatch the e gg and take care of the baby.The kangaroo decides to take care of the egg and soon to her move it turns out to be a baby penguin. All of the zoo animals all help the kangaroo with the baby penguin. Soon after, a panda finds a baby pool and soon falls in love with him just like the kangaroo and baby penguin. Suggested Developmental Level This book would be appropriate for children in pre-school to second grade. The rhyming repetition in this book will help young children in learning new concepts of speech. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Whybrow, Ian. (2006) Whats the time little animal? Minneapolis, MN Carolrhoda Books, Inc.Title Whats the Time Little masher? Author Ian Whybrow Illustrator Tony Ross Year Published 2006 Genre Interactive, Storybook Brief Synopsis The Wolf family consists of mom, dad, Little Wolf, and Smells. Little Wolf and Smells are sent out by their parents to catch dinner for the family. Throughout the story Little Wolf and Smells try to catch dinner and tak e for no luck. Finally, they come across mice who want to play whats the time Little Wolf? Little Wolf and Smells use this opportunity to their advantage and can the mice into playing the game to capture them for dinner.Soon, Little Wolf and Smells return home with a sack full of mice for their mom and dad where they all have mice pies and rolls. Suggested Developmental Level The appropriate age level for this book and activity would be preschoolers to first graders. Extension Activity After reading the book, play the game, Whats the Time, Mr. Wolf? One player is Mr. Wolf. This player stands far a trend from the others facing away from them. The other players call out, Whats the time, Mr. Wolf? If Mr. Wolf answers, Five o quantify the players must take five steps toward Mr. Wolf and so on. When everyone is close, Mr.Wolf, answers, Dinnertime The other players turn back to the start while Mr. Wolf chases them. Whoever is caught first is the next Mr. Wolf. But if everyone makes it back to the start, the same player must be Mr. Wolf again. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Koelsch, Michael. (2001) Discover and explore. Penguin Putnam Inc. Title Discover and Explore Author rosemary Wells Illustrator Michael Koelsch Year Published 2001 Genre Storybook, Interactive Brief Synopsis Timothy and his friends are kindergartners who learn about globey different subjects byout the school day.Timothy and his friends learn about the food pyramid, the seasons, the Earth, planting seeds, and many other subjects. Suggested Developmental Level This book is appropriate for children ages three and up who are about to enter kindergarten. The concepts that can be learned in this book are the five senses, planting seeds, and the seasons. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Browne, Anthony. (2011) How do you feel? Somerville, MA Candlewick pack together Title How Do You Feel? Author Anthony Browne Illustrator Year Published 2011 Genre Concept Brief Synopsis This book discusses di fferent emotions that many of us sometimes feel.Suggested Developmental Level I think the appropriate level of this book would be for preschoolers to kindergartners who are just beginning to learn and understand the different emotions we have. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Cabrera, Jane. (2007) Old MacDonald had a farm. Great Britain Gullane Childrens Books Title Old MacDonald Had a Farm Author Jane Cabrera Illustrator Jane Cabrera Year Published 2007 Genre Interaction, audiovisual (read-along), Storybook Brief Synopsis Old MacDonald had a farm is a sing-along storybook that discusses all of the different things found on the farm like animals and Mr.MacDonalds wife. Suggested Developmental Level The appropriate level of this book is for young children in kindergarten who are can follow and sing along with the reader. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Fraiser, Debra. (2010) A fabulous equitable alphabet. New York, NY Beachlane Books Title A mythological Fair Alphabet Author Debr a Fraiser Illustrator Jim Henkel Year Published 2010 Genre Alphabet Brief Synopsis A Fabulous Fair Alphabet gives is about all things found at a fair that correspond with a certain letter in the alphabet.Suggested Developmental Level The lever appropriate for this book would be preschoolers to kindergartners who are still or just learning their ABCs. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Adams, Diane. (2009) I can do it myself. Atlanta, GA Peachtree Publishers Title I Can Do It Myself Author Diane Adams Illustrator Nancy Hayashi Year Published 2009 Genre Storybook Brief Synopsis Emily Pearl is a big young woman who can do many things such as putting peanut butter on her bread or blowing her nose all by herself.Her beat always asks Emily and if she needs any help and Emily will respond, I can do it myself. Once it is time for bed, Emily finds herself needing her moms help with reading a bedtime story and finding Emilys bear. Emily learns sometimes its nice to let someone else help. Sug gested Developmental Level Kindergartners through second graders will enjoy this book because it is teaching that although they can do many things on their own, sometimes they need help from someone else. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Reiss, Mike. (2008) The boy who wouldnt share.New York, NY HarperCollins Childrens Books Title The Boy Who Wouldnt Share Author Mike Reiss Illustrator David Catrow Year Published 2008 Genre Storybook, Concept Brief Synopsis Edward is being a egotistical boy and not share-out his toys with his younger sis Claire. All day Edward keeps his toys in a huger pile away from Claire and finds himself stuck inside of the pile. When Edward and Claires mother comes in with a plate of fudge, she gives it all to Claire because Edward is nowhere to be found. Claire shares with her brother and teaches him that sharing is good.Edward then begins to let Claire play with his toys and they turns out fine, Suggested Developmental Level Children who are in pre-school o r kindergarten who may be new to sharing toys with other children will learn that sharing toys is the nice thing to do. It may help them to understand that sharing with result in having a better time. Annotated Bibliographic Citation McPhail, David. (2002) The teddy bear. New York, NY Henry Holt and Company Title The Teddy Bear Author David McPhail Illustrator David McPhail Year Published 2002 Genre Storybook, Concept Brief Synopsis A young boy carries his teddy bear everywhere with him.One day, the boy and his parents decided to chip for lunch. The little boys teddy bear was accidentally left behind and thrown out into a garbage can. A homeless man found the teddy bear and soon started calling it his own. Months had passed, and the little boy had almost forgotten about the bear until one day as him and his parents walked through park. The man had left the teddy bear sitting on the bench as he looked for something. The little boy grabbed the teddy bear and went on his way when he h eard the man upset, looking for his bear. The little boy decided to let the man keep the teddy bear saying that he use to have a similar one.Suggested Developmental Level This book would be appropriate for young children in first through second grade. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Wheeler, Cindy. (1995) fair Signs. New York, NY Penhuin Group Title Simple Signs Author Cindy Wheeler Illustrator Cindy Wheeler Year Published 1995 Genre Nonfiction, Interaction, Concept Brief Synopsis Simple Signs illustrates the signs of American Sign Language for simple words such as cat and ball. Suggested Developmental Level This book should be read to children who are in both kindergarten and first grade.This in an interactive book that promotes the use of sign language as another form of communication. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Brimmer, Larry. (2006) Bigger and Smaller. Chanhassen, MN The Childs World Title Bigger and Smaller Author Larry Dane Brimner Illustrator Patrick Girouard Year Pub lished 2006 Genre Storybook Brief Synopsis A brother and sister learn the concept of bigger and smaller by taking a trip to the zoo and comparing themselves to all the different sized animals. Suggested Developmental Level This book should be read to children birth to first grade.Annotated Bibliographic Citation Schaefer, Lola. (2000) A rain downy Day. Mankata, MN Capstone Press Title A Rainy Day Author Lola M. Schaefer Illustrator Lola M. Schaefer Year Published 2000 Genre Nonfiction, Storybook Brief Synopsis This book is about the importance of rain and offers other information about rain such as rain forms in clouds. Suggested Developmental Level The developmental level for this book is for children birth to first grade. Annotated Bibliographic Citation Gordan, Sharon. (2006) We follow the Rules. Tarrytown, NY Matshall Cavendish society Title We Follow the Rules Author Sharon Gordon.

Objectives and Measurement

The main goals that inviolable core will be aimed at achieving for a check of one year are-1. To improve the wellness statues of people by serving a lower limit of 50customers per day. The main objective of hard core is to improve the health status of the people. For the start a minimum of 50 customers will be served within one day. People will be advices on the diets to take so that their health status improves. Teachings on maintaining the necessitate weight shall in like manner be offered.Our customers shall be taught on the kind of lifestyle to lead in separate to keep their bodies strong and free from preventable diseases. in like manner our customers shall be educated on the kind of exercised to carry out regularly so as to maintain their bodies and remain strong. Also educate our customer about nutrition values of various foods. We shall insure that a minimum of 50 customers have been served per day.2. To ensure 99% efficiency in religious offering quality work. We shall ensure that any service offered by hard core is within the best standards. Health issues are very crucial and sensitive to somebodys life. A small mistake can lead to the death or deterioration of the health of a customer. Therefore we look forward to offering the best services to our customers.3. To buy 30 equipments by the end of the year for the start hardcore shall be having the basic equipments for weight steps, skin treatment, and body massage to ensure a smooth running during the start. But as time will go by hardcore targets at buying 30 equipments for offering our trainings.4.To reduce the woo of services by 10% compared to our competitors for hardcore to expand and have more customers it will be charging lower prices to all the services it will be offering our prices will be lower by 10% compared to those charged by our competitors.5. To build one big unskilled hall for practicing by the year 2009. hardcore has got many professionals like nutritionist, dietitians, naturopathic doctors, dermatologist, the rapist, personal trainers, fitness instructors, physical therapist and psychiatrist. Each and everyone of this professional require his own room. This room should be enough and spacious to keep at least four people and some equipments. So for hardcore to be efficient in offering all its services a recreational hall should be build by the year 2009.6. To buy at least five televisions sets for our customers to be watching while waiting to be served by the end of year 2008. Hardcore should buy at least five televisions that will be installed at the halls to keep customers busy as they wait to be served. These television sets should also be used to offer basic teaching to customers to issues like diets, nutrition, prevention of diseases, the importance of maintaining health bodies. Therefore these televisions will assist offering some basic teachings to our customers.7. To increase our periodic sales by 10% by the year 2009/ hardcore will have its own retail blackleg. This shop will be selling equipments for homes, clothing, other supplements and nutritional valued light foods and drinks to compliment the services it offers. Hardcore will target at increasing its monthly sales by 10% as from the year 2009.8. To own our own acre piece of land by the year 2009. For hardcore to offer its services expeditiously it need to won on acre piece of land by 2009.10. To have a well trained team of 90 professionals within the first 6 months of starting. Hardcore should have at least 90 well trained professionals like nutritionists, dietitians, naturopathic doctors, dermatologist, therapist and many more others. These professionals are the once to ensure that hard core is fulfilling its main mission of improving the health status of its customers. death penalty MeasurementPerformance measurement is vital in all organizations because the organizations need to verify the validity of the selection methods they also need to do impleme ntation measurement in order to improve productivity of the organization.As much as this may seem an important and key chance of management, still it has a lot more difficulties associated with it. Some of the main factors that may make proceeding measurement to be more challenging are the measurement problems that make it impossible the supervisors (those in charge of the slaying measurement) to tell the juniors or subordinates that they are below the average standards.How should the organization deal with such situations? In order for organizations to do performance measurement well, then they should carefully study the line of products, systematically and scientifically, in order to determine the nature and characteristics of the job, k straightawayledge, skills and experience required for the successful performance of the job.They should collect all the vital information related to the job. They should then look at the specific individual tasks that comprise the job and qual ifications necessary to do the job. This is called job analysis that involves determining the content of the job in terms of what the worker is expected to do, methods and techniques used, and lastly, the conditions and skills required for the job.For proper job measurement, the management must adopt the following process and the methods of job measurements that followManagement should identify and isolate the component tasks of the job. They should examine when, why and the tasks are done. Find out the duties and responsibilities involved in the job. come across the working conditions involved in the job. Determine the demands which the job has on the job holder. Know the job relationships. After gathering all these, management can now use the methods of job measurement to know whether the job is being done s it is supposed to be done. The various methods of job measurement includePerformance ratingCritical incidentMBOPerformance RatingUnder performance rating values such as creat ivity, initiative, dependability, knowledge etc assigned to the job and the rating is presented on a scale like this and questions are asked.To what design does this person demonstrate creativity and then the scores given for the question give the rating of the employee.This method has a number of problems likea) Managers may be inclined to give everyone a high rating and hence failure to differentiate them.b) Managers may tend to be influenced by most recent performance rather than general performance.Critical IncidentGood and bad performance incidents are recorded at the end of the period. The more the good performance incidents the better the employee. The major problem is that this graphic symbol of job measurement is comparative and qualitative and cannot determine the actual performance on the job.MBOHere the performance of the job is rated as per the objectives set at the begging of the period i.e. sales targets set as 15% and then the sale representative gets 15%, he will get a positive sales performance order and vice versa.For this method of appraisal to be effective there must be a clear understanding between the employer and the employee at the advert of setting the objectives. The authority and recourses necessary to achieve the objectives must be delegated to the managers.ReferencesLnick F. John and WillinLee Ziegler, sales promotion and modern Merchandising, McGraw Hill.

Course Outline Faculty of Science and Technology Essay

Course Number Course Title Course Instructor credit Section Semester Class Meeting Times Class Venue Pre-requisites CMPS1024 (formerly CMPS150) Computer Business Application MGMT1014 (formerly MGMT101) Fundamentals of guidance None 2012-2 3 CMPS3012 (formerly CMPS360) Management reading SystemsCo-requisites Office Location Office Hours (Consultation Hours) Telephone E-Mail Address Resources Required Text Other ResourcesBy appointmentLaudon, K.C., Laudon,J.P. Management Information Systems Managing the Digital Firm, eleventh edition, . Prentice Hall MIS course website http//odl.ub.edu.bz/moodle3/course/view.php?id=106COURSE DESCRIPTION COURSE DESCRIPTION This course is designed to provide techniques and knowledge for creating competitive strain, managing global or local corporations, adding business value and providing useful product and services to intended customers. Topics include Enterprise Applications. Systems for Supply Chain Management. Customer Relationship Management. Knowledge Management Systems. Digital Integration. Internet Technology. Database Design and Implement in an existing Database Management System. COURSE OBJECTIVES Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to 1.1.1 Knowledge a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. see the role of breeding systems in todays competitive business environment Explain information systems from both technical and business perspective regard the transforming effect of information systems on organizations and management Explain the impact of internet technology and the World Wide Web on the Digital firm absorb the roles of individuals in the business processDescribe the types of business structures and how they function and serve clientele. Explain the importance of effective mangers and the roles they play in the business success and the ripening of innovative services and products Identify the impact, usefulness and benefit afforded businesses through electronic commerce Examine privacy issues and the ways in which to secure a business and its stakeholders from privacy violations. Identify threats of intrusion and other forms of system violation that exists through external sources such as viruses. Describe salient differences between management and information technology specialists and how these differences are mitigated. Explain the various levels of management and the unique systems and structures that are critical to these levels Explain the Rationale for developing and maintaining systems which are reliable, scalable, portable and secure.

Pampers

The founders was James Gamble, a soap maker and William Procter, a candle maker and in Cincinnati in 1837. It is the producer of various everyday household goods. It is a chance upon market leader at heart the consumer 140 countries, produces over 300 brands and has loyal customers worldwide. fellowship three business units beauty (33%), health and well- be (21%), household care (46%). P&G delivers its goods to drug stores, mass merchandisers, membership club stores and grocery stores. Pampers this is champion of the most famous revolutionary products of the Procter and Gamble, founded by Victor Mills. Pampers was especially build to meet the mformer(a)s need in innovative product on the market which lead lighten the wash of the cloth papers and also leakage of them. This product came in the late sasss. Procter & Gambles development of the diaper changed the diapering habits of consumers worldwide. Consumers moved from purchasing the cloth diapers to useable diaper, which is be tter to childrens skin, convenient to store, and has a good price comparing with cloth diapers.The companys specialists developed an exceptional three-piece construction to take up the wetness, allocate it consistently and transmit fluid to the leaky core without passing it recessively to the skin. Procter and Gamble revived more than Just convenience ease and comfort for consumers. Pampers brought health benefits to babies who use Pampers. clinical studies deem shown that children who use Pampers have drier skin, and less frequent and less severe diaper skin complaint than those who use cloth diapers.P diapers are immediately distributed to more than 80 countries worldwide, with this representing a major contributor to Procter and Gamble world profits. (P, n. D. ) 1. 2 Core customer issues The disposable diapers market is a very profitable. In ELK, in that respect are well-nigh seven endured and fifty thousand births for severally year and the diapers are usually worn for three years. It is represents a relatively gip customer lifetime for Pampers. The arrival of the Huggins challenges Pampers dominance of the traditional disposable diaper market in 1991.Huggins had earned 17% of the market by 1997 and it is reaching 30% in year 2000. Huggins continued to take share through a combination of competitive pricing and product innovation. One of the strengths of Huggins was promoted aggressively using their sustain and Baby Club and television. Huggins loud be the market leader in the fall of 2001 which is showed in growth pattern projections. Many mothers think that Huggins was the leader of market. When they interviewed, there was many discussion closely latest news of Huggins.It reflects the growing strength of the Huggins brand. Trend analysis and consumer research found that there are two key trends affecting Pampers impact on the marketplace. The most up-to-date in initialiseion from friends, the Internet or print replaces the way of UK mums in the wa y of making decisions and traditional assurance on advice from health professionals and parents. Pampers are forced by the proliferation of information channels to find out a new way to reduce the background to-do to reach potential customers. DIM, 2012) To build sales and maintain customer loyalty by rewarding the consumer for purchasing their products, the customer loyalty programs are introduced by Pampers which let in free samples, sweepstakes, sales promotions of coupons and rewards. Pampers uses direct marketing strategies to maintain customer loyalty once a consumer operates a Pampers member. The strategies include sending pamphlets and brochures with important information active each development stage as the nonusers child grows plot promoting their products that fit each particular stage.While educating the consumer with valuable information pertaining to their growing child, Pampers is doing a great hire out at promoting its products. Parents are offered the opportun ity to share their babys pictures with the whole social field by Pampers. It is showing marketers that being where your customers are the first step in toddling towards advantage in its Love, Sleep and Play campaign. It is launched in July 1 and runs until August 6 in year 2013. This campaign encourages moms and dads living in North America to upload pictures of their babies loving, playacting and sleeping to the brands Faceable page.Then, Pampers will display the consumeed images on Twitter, the online gallery pages and Faceable. The communication manager of North America for Pampers, Mary Woods says social is a natural milieu for the brands customers because its where they already converse with other parents, as well as with the brand. She also says Pampers collected more than 20,000 photo submissions in less than three weeks of the campaigns launch. (Else Duper, 2013) 3. 0 utilisation of direct post in relation to other channel . Direr mail Pampers direct mail package come with a garland of shapes and sizes, making it become one of the most flexible direct marketing media. An envelope, a brochure, a garner and a response wrench are included in a standard direct mail package. It is to motivate the recipient to open the standard direct mail package. The envelope must differentiate itself from other mail by its size, appearance and any copy that might be written on it regardless of the volume of mail a person receives. It provides the opportunity to directly language the interests and concerns of the recipient.The benefits of the detailed offer are usually clarified by the letter. Recipients are able to illustrate about the benefits of the offer from the brochure in letter. Illustrated brochures are utilize to sell services as well as products. The letter must include Response rates are generally higher when it is separated from the letter or brochure. Recipient can respond via telephone, toll-free numbers are always prominently displayed. The right timing, the right offer, the right person and the right format are factors in a successful direct marketing and it can be examined in direct mail.Mailers can run a test send out to determine the response from a list before rolling out, or mailing the entire list by using computer technologies which can select a randomized name sample from any list. Direct mail provides the most cost-effective way of achieving the highest possible response in relation to the other direct marketing media. Telemarketing is much highest cost per response but it typically produces a higher response rate. 3. 2 billet of direct mail has changed since the arise of the Internet The role of direct mail has changed since the rise of the internet cause it slow, expensive and time consuming.There are new technologies which are CRY codes in nowadays. It allows a customer to be taken from the printed piece to a web location by using a mobile smart device furnish with a camera and an internet connection. The mar keter benefits from the physical attributes of printed mail while leveraging the power of online experiences for reinforcement of the message, persuasion, and better conversion with this technology. 3. 3 Role of TV (Interactive television) Pampers use interactive television (TV) as communication strategy.Through the internet, interactive television combines the emotive strength of TV advertising with the depth and individual(prenominal)ization available. It is the preferred interactive device in the home for nowadays and in the future. When the viewers are registered to receive a newsletter, data will be captured. The newsletter can be emailed to personal computer or television. Chance to see themselves and their babies on TV in the baby gallery or in the video area talking about baby development issues real babies, real mums, real tips are provided to parents.It also offers consumers the opportunity to sit a frequently asked questions area and to give feedback. 3. 4 Role of Intern et Procter & Gambles Pampers are good consumers struggle to establish and maintain differentiation from other disposable diaper brands percent. It is established to increase in a variety of ways, such as Pampers website (wry. Pampers. Com) basic product via an Internet site. Pampers Perks loyalty program which consumers have to collect points from Pampers diapers and wipes purchase and exchange them for the Sesame Street and Fisher-Price toys.Recently the customers are provided a chance to in a Chrysler minivan filled with diapers through Pampers Fantastic Sweepstakes. There is a convenient way to send a supply of Pampers such as Fisher-Price toy to a friend are provided in Pampers Gifts Packs. Pampers Parenting Institute provides advice from experts in child care, health and development through Parent Pages and it delivered by e-mail and customized to each stage of life from the third trimester through age four. The purpose of Pampers Parenting Institute as a public service campaig n is to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome visible driver.Pampers is the second most popular baby care sites on the web with hundred million unique visitors per month because of the Pampers Parenting Institute. correspond to Advertising Age, consumers visiting the Pampers website are 30% more likely to buy effective. It provide unified communications which integrates e-mail, data transmission, instant messaging, voice transmission and electronic conferencing services. Web conferencing with Live Meeting, Microsoft Live Communications Server functionality and content management with Sharpening is the other services that included.Microsoft Outlook and Microsoft Office Sharpening Server support multiple users with coming upon schedules, shared calendars and mailboxes and Sharpening lists. Through offering support for customers, Customer Relationship Marketing provides competitive advantage to organization on a continuous basis while focusing on every customers wants and n eeds ensuring that these are satisfied in the best way (Hut and Sped, 2004). This strategy are successfully reduces the amount of cost that have to spend to seek new customers and gained the loyalty from customers (Hut and Sped, 2004).It shows the significance of managing the CRM and ensuring that all employees are well-equipped with knowledge of how to cope with any problems or complaints and how to treat customers that might happen from being involved directly with the customers (Taylor, 2007). Finally, Pampers has been successful in positioning its brand. They are consistent with their message and their consumers are well informed about their products. Pampers is successfully promoting its products while educating individuals about the developmental stages from newborns to toddlers.Of course, there is always room for improvements. Extending the product line to include bath products is one recommendation. Some examples could include Pampers shampoos, soaps, lotions, and oils. Pamp ers could promote their product by including coupons within or on their packaging. This encourages customer loyalty by rewarding the consumer with extra savings. Maybe Pampers could come up with reward points by issuing membership cards and each time used they earn points that add up to Pamper dollars and then redeemed when purchasing any Pampers products.

Proton Strategic Managemen

Task direction Antiques-2000 chief(prenominal) international Marketing Strategies Case Study of Peninsula Hotel Group November 25, 2010 strategic wariness of Proton, Malaysia 4 Strategic Management Proton, Malaysia dining table of Contents TOC o 1-3 h z u 1. world. PAGEREF _Toc226437728 h 3 2. setting of Proton. PAGEREF _Toc226437729 h 3 3. Macro-Environment Analysis. PAGEREF _Toc226437730 h 5 3. 1 Political PAGEREF _Toc226437731 h 7 3. 2 Economic. PAGEREF _Toc226437732 h 8 3. 3 cordial PAGEREF _Toc226437733 h 8 3. Technological PAGEREF _Toc226437734 h 9 4. Micro-Environment Analysis. PAGEREF _Toc226437735 h 10 4. 1 Strengths. PAGEREF _Toc226437736 h 11 4. 2 Weaknesses. PAGEREF _Toc226437737 h 11 4. 3 Opportunities. PAGEREF _Toc226437738 h 12 4. 4 Threats. PAGEREF _Toc226437739 h 13 5. AFTA meekness Problems. PAGEREF _Toc226437740 h 13 6. exertion Analysis. PAGEREF _Toc226437741 h 15 6. 1 Threats of New Entry. PAGEREF _Toc226437742 h 16 6. 2 Threat of Substitution. PA GEREF _Toc226437743 h 16 6. 3 purchaser world power PAGEREF _Toc226437744 h 17 . 4 Suppliers Power PAGEREF _Toc226437745 h 17 6. 5 Competitive disceptation. PAGEREF _Toc226437746 h 17 7. Recommendation. PAGEREF _Toc226437747 h 18 8. The Strategic Triangle. PAGEREF _Toc226437748 h 18 9. Aligning Organization Wide Strategies. PAGEREF _Toc226437749 h 19 10. Adaptive Processes. PAGEREF _Toc226437750 h 20 11. Metrics/Performance Measures. PAGEREF _Toc226437751 h 20 12. Conclusion. PAGEREF _Toc226437752 h 21 13. References. PAGEREF _Toc226437753 h 23 14. Appendices. PAGEREF _Toc226437754 h 25 14. Appendix A Strategic Triangle. PAGEREF _Toc226437755 h 25 14. 2 Appendix B Balance Score circuit board Dimension of Proton. PAGEREF _Toc226437756 h 26 Table of Table TOC h z c Table Table 1 PEST Analysis. PAGEREF _Toc225758233 h 6 Table 2 SWOT Analysis. PAGEREF _Toc225758234 h 11 Table of Figures TOC h z c Figure Figure 1 Porters Five Forces. PAGEREF _Toc225758249 h 16 1. Introduction The aut omotive intentness in Malaysia is considered as whizz of the most vital and signifi trickt strategic industries in the manufacturing sector (ESCAP 2009).Malaysia is predominantly a passenger gondola commercialize and the industry is considered as a domestic market-oriented (ESCAP 2009). The primary reason why passenger cargon market is prominent in the country is because of the sparing status of the country. The objective of this paper is to heighten on the case of Proton in terms of facing disparate dilemmas in the local and global automotive industry. Further much, it pass on use the Delta model in order to analyze the performance and recommend divers(prenominal) actions to be done in order to af securely the position of the union in the market. 2.Background of Proton Proton or synonyms for Perusahaan Otomobile Nasional Berhad was incorporated on May 7, 1983 in order to manufacture, assemble and sell contrastive motor vehicles and some other related products which im plicate different accessories, sp atomic consequence 18 parts and other important components (PMProject n. d. ). Based on the technology and parts from Mitsubishi, the production of the first model or the Proton Saga began in family line 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam Selangor by the Malaysian Prime Minister Dato Seri Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (Histomobile n. d. PMProject n. d. ).At first, all of the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi, provided the local part has been able to be used, as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. In January 1989, the 100,000th of Proton Sage was produced (Histomobile n. d). At the end of 1990s, the logo of the car was changed from the Malaysias coat of arms and a fourteen-pointed star to a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a clean model called Proton Wira was introduced that was based on the design and engineering of Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt where in more than 220,000 units were exchange from 199 6 to 1998.Together with that, the Proton Perdana that was based on the Mitsubishi Eterna was produced in 1994 that was intended for higher market (Histomobile n. d. ). In 1996, an acquisition of Lotus technologies form Bugatti, Proton serve uped the phoner to consume an additional show date of engineering and automotive expertise which enables the company to produce the Proton Gen-2, to become the first of cars to be manufactured and assembled at the parvenu manufacturing plant in Tanjung Malim, Perak which is part of Proton metropolis development project, which was opened in 2004 (Histomobile n. d. ).In 2004, the company purchased a major stock in MV Agusta of Italy which is the manufacturer of MV Agusta, Husqvama and Cagiva motorcycles. Later on, the company change off its 57. 7% share to MV Agusta to another Italian company for a token of one Euro. Because of the heavy debt by MV Agusta, the change gives Proton the hazard to hold open off the losses off its book. During the same year, the company announced about their plan partnership with the Volkswagen AG of Germany. Under the said partnership both(prenominal) of the company entrust be able to take advantage of both their strengths.For the company, Volkswagen will be able to share knowledge, expertise and technologies, while the company stand offer spare competency at the latters Tanjung Malim in order to assemble cars for export o the South East Asian market, where in the German auto giant has a weak presence. However, on January 13, 2006, Volkswagen had announced that the negotiation of the partnership has failed due to the different reasons, in general the fact that the plans of the company were different and clashes with the terms and conditions that are being offered by Proton (Histomobile n. . ). In 2002, Proton held a high market share of more than 60% in Malaysia. However due to the different factors such as the sparing and social aspects, the said share was reduced to 30% by 20 05. The said number will further reduce in the next years due to the AFTA which mandates reduce dutys to maximum of 5% (Histomobile n. d. ). 3. Macro-Environment Analysis Every industry is being affected by the developments in the macro-environment.Fundamentally, all disposals are affected by the same developments however, the extent to which organizations successfully cope or take advantage of these developments differs in substantial manner. Furthermore, developments may potentially influence one industry more severely than other. Therefore, it is vital for organizations to identify or anticipate the macro-developments in order to assess their potential impact on the industry and the organization (Nijssen Framback 2000, p. 53). Table SEQ Table * ARABIC 1 PEST AnalysisPEST Analysis Political * AFTA * different environmental Policies Economic * global and local frugal crisis * obtuseing growth of Malaysian economy * poor consumer sentiment and changing buying behavior of the con sumer * increasing competition * huge total labor quarter Social * huge population * car ownership (15) * set on big-ticket(prenominal) items * outgrowth knowledge and concern of the volume towards the environment * impact of the get wind of the scratch * slowing/decreasing buying pattern of the consumer. Technological * competing development in technology * maturity of technology * intellectual property * potential for transformation and development * maturity and capacity of manufacturing Table 2 shows the different factors which affect the operation of Proton and other major players in the industry in the country. Thus, all of the factors finish be grouped into 4 political, economic, social and technological. 3. 1 Political One of the important factors to consider is the presence of AFTA or ASEAN Free Trade Area.Currently, most of ASEAN component part are free trade or 96% of the entire ASEAN trade. AFTA was established in January of 1992 in order to eliminate tariff bar riers among the Southeast Asian countries. It planned to reduce tariffs to nobody to 5% in 15 years among the six nations through a common effective preferential tariff (Ghani Zainuddin 2008). Because Malaysia has two topic carmakers which are Proton and Perodua, and the government wants to protect their interests. Unfortunately, the said development could prove to be a temporary solution.If we are going to check on the high interchange prices of the national cars of Malaysia because of high production costs and pretermit of vendor efficiency, there is a big possibility that the local market will be command by imported cars. As a outcome, there will be increase in the number of the vehicles on the road and there will be a glut of used cars in the market, because people will tend to trade their cars for cheaper and imported brands (Frost Sullivan 2002). On the other hand, the issue regarding the environment is vital because it is considered as one of the most talk about topic s in the world.The environmental regulation in Malaysia layaboutful be traced back during the colonialism of British which introduced the environmental standards about the mineral and agricultural resources to Europe. 3. 2 Economic The vehicle gross revenue in the country is expected to fall by 12. 4% in 2009 due to different economic aspect, primarily the issue of global financial crisis, which affected the local financial status of the country (AseanOneMonitoring 2009). As a result, the government of the country is expecting a slow economic growth for the country, which can affect the buying behavior of the clients.Furthermore, due to the AFTA, it had increased the competition, which will impact the performance of Proton. However, the performance of the automobile industry will be maintained and managed due to the huge total labor force. Despite of the slower economic growth in 2003, the unemployment rate was only 3. 5%, which shows an well-nigh full employment (PriceWaterHouseC ooper 2005). 3. 3 Social The growing population in the country is one of the factors which can affect the automobile industry. In 2008, the country has a total of 27. million citizens (US Department of State n. d. ). This will give a greater number of markets. Furthermore, the ratio of car ownership in the country is just about high or total of 15, which signifies that people are considering cars as important things in their lives. Furthermore, people will withal set on big-ticket items or consumers are expected to put off buying different motor vehicles because of the employment market uncertainty because of the global and local financial crisis (AseanOneMonitoring 2009). some other factor to consider is the growing knowledge and concern of the people regarding different environmental issues. Furthermore, the impact of the image to the loyalty of the customer is also another factor. 3. 4 Technological applied science is considered as one of the most important factor in the autom otive industry. Due to the increasing competition, the development in technology is growing and affecting the performance and position of all(prenominal) and every company in the automobile industry.It is also important to consider the maturity of technology, together with the maturity and capacity of manufacturing, which affect the invention process of any company. The intellectual property is also important factor, because it is considered as a sign of authenticity and uniqueness. Due to the different technologies, primarily the help of computer and the Internet, the potential for innovation and development is increasing. 4. Micro-Environment Analysis Table SEQ Table * ARABIC 2 SWOT Analysis SWOT AnalysisStrengths * wholesome support from the government * dependable brand * reputation * flexible manufacturing capability Weaknesses * lack of RD * over reliant on the government * not so competitive * higher costs than competitors * lack of international operations * lack of orig inal products/ services * limited product line * existing timbre issue * human resource issue Opportunities * park Cars * available government support * available technological innovations * graveing new markets * gain online/e-commerce presence * strategic alliances and joint ventures Threats * slow growth of automotive market * change in the consumer life-style * changes in regulation (AFTA) * changing technology * competition from the foreign markets * new competitors entering the market * price war between competitors Table 2 shows the internal and external factors that are important for the growth of the company such as its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and flagellums. 4. 1 Strengths One of the important strengths of the company is its reputation or strong brand image due to the spacious years it had stayed in the industry. Because of that, the Malaysia people have become familiar and loyal to the brand, aside from the fact that Proton had become the national car b rand in the country. Due to that, the car manufacturer has a strong support or back-up from the government, which is considered as an important entity in any business environment.Above all, the company has a manufacturing capability at Tg. Malim to consolidate all models, as well as the existing tariff structure (BuildBoard n. d. ). 4. 2 Weaknesses There are also different weaknesses which must be repaird by the company in order to maintain their position in the government. First is the lack of RD or innovation as well as lack of original products and limited products because of the inability of the company to introduce real new models, which lead them to cannibalize their screwed up line of products (BuildBoard n. d. ). This is because some of the products or models of Proton were based on the model of other international leading brand.It is also important to consider that the company is abstracted in international operation, due to the different factors, primarily because of huge competition in the global market. The reputation or image of the company is also facing difficulties because of the menstruation quality issue due to active service units and low plant utilization (BuildBoard n. d. ). Furthermore, company is having different human resource issue due to their inability to retain and cultivate talent. Because of all these reasons, the company is lacking in international operations. Above all, due to its over reliance to the government, without the strong support from the government, Proton could lose out to major players in the industry that can cause serious impact on the different supply chain (AseanAffairs 2009). 4. 3 OpportunitiesThe support of the government to the company is an important opportunity, because the government considers the company as their partner, therefore majority of cars needed by local and national government will be Proton. Furthermore, the company can also take advantage of the different technological developments, partic ularly the different Information Technology (IT) or Information System or IS which can help the company to manage their information that can help them in the decision-making process. Entering new markets will also help the company to expand their business in terms of size therefore can help to gain more perturbations. It is also important to consider the ongoing popularity of e-commerce or online selling of goods. This will help the company to target more market in more reliable, fast and cost-effective manner.Furthermore, the changing attitude and concern of the people towards the environment also created opportunities for different automotive industry, and that is to offer different Green cars or hybrid cars. 4. 4 Threats The most crucial threats to be faced by the company are the global financial crisis which affects the economy of Malaysia, and affect the lifestyle and buying behavior of the consumer. As a result, as of October of 2008, new-vehicle deliveries slipped by 13% fr om 42,915 of last year to 37,512 units (Chrysler 2008). The changing and maturing of the technology is also another important factor to consider, together with the growing number of competitors who are entering the market, which result to the price wars.The main reason behind this situation is the AFTA which focus on reducing tariffs from zero to 5% in 15 years among the six nations through a common effective preferential tariff It planned to reduce tariffs to zero to 5% in 15 years among the six nations through a common effective preferential tariff (Ghani Zainuddin 2008). 5. AFTA Compliance Problems The ASEAN Free Trade Area or AFTA is a collective effort by the member countries in order to eliminate tariffs on intra-ASEAN trade in the goods sector. The main target is to achieve tariff between 0 5% in 2003 for the six original member countries, Vietnam by 2006, Lao PDR and Myanmar by 2008 and Cambodia by 2010, at the same time demand quantitative restrictions and other non-tari ff barriers. The reduction or elimination of tariff is undertaken through the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme (Ministry of International Trade and Industry 2008).The main impact of AFTA to the economy of Malaysia is the increase intra-ASEAN competition from lower cost producers declined competitiveness of traditional export industries which include the high labor cost, lack of resources and expertise and technology obsolescence removal of protection such as quota system and monopoly status complying with 40% local content rule develop competitive local undersized and medium industries which will focus on the domestic market, dependent on single or few buyers and lack of expertise and backward technology. As a result there are different sectors that might face strong competition primarily the ceramic tiles, cement, plastic products and automotive industry (Ghani Zainuddin 2008). AFTA will result to higher economies of scale in the automotive industry in Malaysia. Higher economies of scale will mean lower unit production costs. This will help to translate into lower retail prices and a bigger market. Therefore, AFTA could translate into price cuts of about 20% to 50% on vehicles. Competitive producers can export their products throughout the region at very low import duties and pass on cost savings to consumers.As a result, consumers can exercise a wider and disclose product choice at very competitive prices (Dey 2002). 6. Industry Analysis Figure SEQ Figure * ARABIC 1 Porters Five Forces Competitive disceptation improve product differentiation Large number of firms unkept Switching cost High exit barriers diversity of rivals Threat of Substitution Quality of the substitutes products willingness of the buyers to substitute Low cost of switching to substitutes. Buyer Power Homogeneous products Huge number of buyers Buyers are fragmented (many, different) High role of quality of service of products Supplier Power Few dominant suppliers High role of quality and service High cost of switchingThreat of New Entry High capital/ enthronisation requirements Availability of the distribution carry Access to technology Brand loyalty of the customer Friendly government regulations Figure 1 shows the industry analysis of the automotive industry in general. According to Porter, there are 5 important factors which show the attractiveness or value of the structure of the industry entry of competitors, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers and rivalry among the existing players. 6. 1 Threats of New Entry The threats of new entry pertain on how easy or difficult for new entrant to start competing (12Manage n. d. ).The primary barriers of new entry are the high capital and investments that are needed in order to enter the industry. This is because it mainly focuses on the different technologies that are needed in order to come up with the quality and services that are being offered by the long tim e players in the industry. Aside from that, it is also important to consider the availability of the distribution channel which is very important in connecting with the customers. Furthermore, because there is long time player in the industry, brand loyalty of the customers is considered as inevitable. However, due to AFTA, the government offers friendly entrance policies for the possible new entrants. 6. 2 Threat of SubstitutionThe threats of transposition pertain on the ability of the customers to go for substitute products that might be cheaper and accessible. In terms of the passenger car industry, the growing demands for bikes and motorcycles. More and more people are switching from using the passenger cars into using bikes and motorbikes due to two reasons, first is that it helps them to save money because of gasoline, at the same time, the consumer are becoming more aware of their environmental benefits. Thus, thequality of the substitutes products, the willingness of the cu stomers and the low costs of switching enables the threats of substitution high. 6. 3 Buyer PowerThe bargaining power of the customers in this industry is somewhat high due to the homogenous or almost the same products, which divide the number of sales from huge number of competitors. But it can be maintained due to the huge number of buyers, primarily in developed countries, aside from the fact that the buyers are fragmented. Above all, the importance of quality of the products and services are important factors which affect the power of the buyer. 6. 4 Suppliers Power The supplier has a neutral power over the industry. This is because there are few dominant suppliers in the industry who are well known for quality and brand image. This is affected by the high role of quality and service in the industry, because the industry is instanter connected to safety and quality of life of the customers.The most important factor which add up to the influence of the suppliers is the high cost of switching. 6. 5 Competitive Rivalry The competitive rivalry pertains on the intensity of rivalry among the competitors in the industry. it is important to consider the improving product differentiation due to the extensive effort of each and every automobile company in the world to become unique and have the stronger market position in the industry. This is the major impact of the large number of firms of organization competing in the global market including local players from Korea, China and Japan which result to diversity of cultures and organizational behaviors of the rivals.The low switching cost from one brand to another intensifies the competition in the market and pushes all of the major and minor players to focus on R&D and innovation processes in order to improve their overall performance in the market. Above all, the competition is increased due to high exit barriers due to the human resource and facilities. 7. Recommendation It will be important for the company to fo cus on the Delta model in the process of planning and implementing their strategy. The Delta model is a strategy framework that was developed by dean Wilde together with the members of Dean & Company and Arnoldo Hax of MIT/Sloan School of Management (Value Based Management. net n. d. ). 8. The Strategic TriangleThere are three options that are represented in Triangle which are considered as the starting point o the dialogue for the development of a strong vision (see Appendix A) (Hax & Wilde II 2003). Due to the topical condition of the company regarding their competitive advantage which pertains on the quality of their products, it will be important to focus on the Best Product positioning. This is because of the fact that the outdo way to attract, satisfy and retain customers is through the inherent characteristics of the product itself. The position is rather inward and narrow, based upon the prevailing product economics. Thus, the major strategic drive forces are the develop ment of an efficient supply chain that will guarantee low cost infrastructure a proven internal capability for new product development.At the same time, it will help the proper renewal of the existing product line that will help to secure the distribution channels that will help to transfer the products to the targeted market segments (Hax & Wilde II 2003). This will focus on the R&D and innovation process for the company. In order to maintain the process of engineering and designing passenger cars which will suit the taste and preferences of the customers this is affected by different demographics, economics and social factors. Due to the growing line of work of global economic crisis, it will be important to focus on low cost or differentiation of the products. 9. Aligning Organization Wide Strategies In this stage, it will be important to focus on organizational change, because it will focus on restructuring the current business rules and policies towards the strategies of the c ompany.In the case of the company, it will be important to focus on the strong product base, solid supply chain infrastructure as well as internal innovation capabilities to jeer (Hax & Wilde II 2003). 10. Adaptive Processes Because of the fact that the strategies of the company focus on the R&D process of Proton, it will be important to focus on the change as the strategic task. It ensures a continuous stream of new products and services in order to maintain the future viability of the business. It also helps to mobilizes all of the creative resources of the firm which include the technical, production and capabilities in the marketing field in order to develop an innovative infrastructure for the business.Furthermore, the company must not limit itself to the pursual of the different internal product development, but must focus the sources of innovation from the suppliers, customers and key complementors. It maintains the focus on the renewal of the business to maintain its comp etitive advantage as well as superior financial performance (Hax & Wilde II 2003). In this stage, it will be important for the company to know the reactions and opinions of the Malaysia customers regarding the design of their models, particularly the issue of almost identical design of each model. 11. Metrics/Performance Measures It is important to consider that metrics providing overview should be supplemented with granular metrics (12Manage n. d. ).A labyrinthine sense score card dimensions for the firm and for each customer segment tier were identified that will allow Proton to monitor and analyze its current executions of customer targeting as well as innovative strategies which represent different changes of key cost drivers of the financial perspective, operational effectiveness, technology as well as customer perspective (Core. org n. d. ) (see Appendix ). Based on the said balance score card dimension, as well as the Delta Model, it is important for Proton to focus on the c hanging preferences and demands of their current customers, which are their strategic partners from different parts of the globe, as well as their current loyal customers.It is important to focus on new services and products as well as the capability to deliver new car models to their partnership. As a result, the significant dimensions in the performance matrix must be fate of strategic/exclusive partnership acquisition, percentage of business volume from different strategic/exclusive partnership, as well as switching costs for complementor and customer (Core. org n. d. ). 12. Conclusion Proton was considered as the national car manufacturer of Malaysia and considered as the major player in the industry. However due to the different factors, primarily the implementation of AFTA, the sales and market share of the company decline.In full stops, the growing competition enables the Malaysian market to have a wide choice of cars to be availed. On the other hand, due to the strong supp ort of the government, as well as the strong position of the company in the market, it can be said that the company failed to focus on the most important aspect of a company in order to maintain competitive advantage, and that is innovation. Most of the customers are saying that the company is no longer offering real new models of cars. Aside from that, the company is also having a problem in their supply chain, which results to high pricing of Protons car study to other international brand in the market.In order to solve the current situation of the company, it will be important to focus on innovation or RD process. This can be done by focusing on applying new IT or IS to speed up the process of designing. It is also important to focus on the HR aspect of the company in order ensure that the company has talented and skilled staffs to develop new and collapse products that will suit the ever changing preferences of the consumers. 13. References 12Manage. Porters Five Forces Analys is. Available from http//www. 12manage. com/. 25th butt 2009 AseanAffairs (2009). Malaysias Proton Still Needs Government Support. Available from http//www. aseanaffairs. com/ page/malaysia%27s_proton_still_needs_government_support. 25th March 2009 AseanOneMonitoring (2009). Malaysia Auto Sales to Fall 12. 4 Percent on Slowing Economy. Available from http//www. asiaone. com/Motoring/News/Story/A1Story20090122-116465. html. Accessed 24th March 2009 BuildBoard. Analysis SWOT Proton. Available from http//g4. buildboard. com/images/attachpic/g4/B400/B400F1844T909_8195ded601b2dd2aaee71cb07bd4c006. pdf. 25th March 2009 Core. DMK International (8) Aggregate and Granular Metrics. Availabe from http//www. core. org. cn/NR/rdonlyres/Sloan-School-of-Management/15-904Fall-2005/F43E8DBF-9AF8-4B07-BB61-2920E880D30F/0/dm_csstd_dmk8_2. pdf. 2nd April 2009 Chrysler, M. (2008).Malaysian Auto Industry Facing Decline as Global Economy Slows. Available from http//subscribers. wardsauto. com/ar/malaysi an_industry_decline_081208/wall. html? return=http//subscribers. wardsauto. com/ar/malaysian_industry_decline_081208/. 25th March 2009 Dey, A. (2002). The Impact of AFTA on the ASEAN Automotive Industry. Available from http//www. frost. com/prod/servlet/market-insight-top. pag? docid=IMAY-58VK85. 25th March 2009 ESCAP (2009). V. Malaysia. Available from http//www. unescap. org/tid/ take/part_two2223_mal. pdf. Accessed 24th 2009 Frost Sullivan (2002). The Impact of AFTA on the ASEAN Automotive Industry. Available from http//www. frost. om/prod/servlet/market-insight-top. pag? docid=IMAY-58VK85. Accessed 24th 2009 Ghani, K. , Zainuddin, Y. , Fereidouni, H. G. Ziaee, A. (2008). AFTA Effect on Malaysian Economy. Journal of Management and Social Sciences. vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 134 141. Available from http//www. biztek. edu. pk/downloads/research/jmss_v4_n2/6. %20Afta. pdf. 25th March 2009 Accessed 24th 2009 Hax, A. Wilde II, D. (2003). The Delta Model- A New Framework of Strategy. Journ al of Strategic Management Education, vol. 1, no. 1. Available from http//pesona. mmu. edu. my/wruslan/MISP2/Readings/detail/Reading-37. pdf. Histomobile. Proton (1985-).Available from http//www. histomobile. com/dvd_histomobile/histomo/63/history2. asp. Accessed 24th 2009 Ministry of International Trade and Industry 2008. Malaysia and AFTA. Available from http//www. miti. gov. my/cms/documentstorage/com. tms. cms. document. Document_7d9e2e2f-c0a81573-11c011c0-50afb270/afta. pdf. 25th March 2009 Nijssen, E. J. Frambach, R. (2000). Creating client Value Through Strategic Marketing Planning A Management Approach. Springer PMProject. The History of PROTON, Available from http//pmproject. doubleukay. com/proton_history. html. Accessed 24th 2009 PriceWaterHouseCooper (2005). Malaysia. Available from http//www. pwc. om/gx/eng/about/ind/retail/growth/malaysia. pdf. Accessed 24th 2009 US Department of State. Malaysia. Available from http//www. state. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2777. htm. Accessed 24t h 2009 Value Based Management. net. The Delta Model. Available from http//www. valuebasedmanagement. net/methods_hax_wilde_delta_model. html. Accessed 24th 2009 14. Appendices 14. 1 Appendix A Strategic Triangle Enabled Through Effective Use of Technology System Lock-In * System Economics * Market Dominance * Achieving Complementor Share System Lock-In * Customer Economics * Cooperation * Achieving Customer Share Best Products * Product Economics * Rivalry * Achieving Product ShareSource (Hax Wilde II 2003) 14. 2 Appendix B Balance Score Card Dimension of Proton Balance Scorecard Framework shareholder Look Operational Effectiveness Organizational Learning Customer targeting Proton Volume, revenue, gross margin by technology segment and market segment Revenue and disturbance by geographical segment (Asia, Europe, Middle East, Africa and Pacific) Revenue and turnover by business domain such as capital, industrial and government. Wholly-owned subsidiary Lotus design UK leading automotive engineering consultancy company Application of Information Technology in the RD and auto development % of sales from new echnology and models instruct as a % of sales Customer market share by tier Profitability by customer tier Customer satisfaction by tier Strategic and Integrated Partner companies Volume, revenue, turnover, gross margin by individual client Year over year sales and turnovers growth by individual clients Return on business relationship investment Cost to serve clients Number of clients on each country and partner Return on investment on collaboration tools per selected clients Return on % revenue on the center of excellence establishment Customer satisfaction Joint revenue and turnover from complementor relationship Relationship Body Shopper Volume, revenue, turnover, gross margin by individual clients Return on investment per head % revenue and sales from new clients metre needed in order to complete the transaction from start to finish per mo del or project Idle time of engineering Return on investment on collaboration % of revenue, volume, earnings by different channelso Referral by clientso Direct sellingo Cross selling Cost of training per project Cost of the collaboration tool in order to facilitate transfer of knowledge Cost to serve clients per channel Customer satisfaction on the models, relationship and cost of products. Adopted from (Core. org n. d. ) * Finance Management * Small business account _ Custom Essay Writing Australia Send us your essay instructions. We write it for you. only when AUD$27 per page. www. ivythesis. com Malaysia Essay Writing Send us your essay assignment. We write it for you. Only RM40/ page. www. ivythesis. com Singapore Essay Assistance gather in a hard time finishing your assignment. We write it for you. Only SG$ 25/ page. www. ivythesis. com Visitors to this page also liked Feedjit is learning about this page. 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Why Universities Shouldn’t Increase Tuition Every Year

One major problem with universities today is that they are constantly raising tuition fees. Im not talking about raising tuition any now and then, Im talking about those colleges that plus their tuition every year. With todays economy, this is simply not helping the students. The university I am currently attend is planning on increasing the tuition by almost $1,000. This is crazy. What colleges need to start doing is taking a better look at how they are spending their money. It is not the students misapprehension when the university takes on more than it can handle and has to find ways to make more of a profit.Colleges are already way too expensive for the median(a) person. Most of the time, hitherto with help from federal student aid, students are still having to pay more than they can afford. This forces them to take out loans that they may not be able to pay back in the future. Universities are not considering the fact that the economy is haveting to the point where people who went to college and have a degree cant eventide get a job. Students are doing all the right things by going to college, building their resume, and gaining experience in the real world, but it just isnt enough to get a job.There are too many people competing for just a small amount of jobs that too many people end up empty handed. And when they have to start paying back their loans, they cant do it because they dont have the money. Universities who raise their tuition every year are putting students in an even worse situation. There are other areas of the university where they can find money to make up for whatever they are losing. They just dont look into those possibilities. They just look that the easiest way to solve their problems is to charge the students more money.There are close to 30,000 students who attend my university. If they charge each student an extra $1,000, they will have an increase of $30 million. Thats insane to ask students for that such(prenominal) mor e money. It used to be so much cheaper to go to college. Students used to be able to pay for college much easier, especially if the federal government was helping out. Now, everything is changing and for all the wrong reasons. Students already have to pay for books, housing, meal plans, living expenses, and all these other things in addition to their tuition.Why burden them with even more to pay for? Its not right. Its even worse for students who go to college out of their state. They get charged almost biramous what a state resident would get charged. These students have no choice but to live on campus and pay even more money. Those who are attending college deserve to get what they pay for. They are getting an education in order to live a entire life and to get a good job. Instead of getting this out of their college education, they get this crazy debt that will take their entire lives to pay off.

The Vampire Diaries: Dark Reunion Chapter Six

Vickies domicil was on a corner, and they approached it from the side street. By at a time the sky was filled with heavy purple clouds. The set down had an almost underwater quality.Looks equal its going to storm, matting give tongue to. decent glanced at Damon. Neither he nor Stefan worry bright light. And she could feel the Power emanating from him, like a low thrum dear under the step up of his skin. He smiled with proscribed fronting at her and give tongue to, How ab verboten snow in June? decent clamped down on a shiver.She had looked Damons way once or twice in the barn and found him minding to the story with an wrinkle of detached indifference. Unlike Stefan, his expression hadnt changed in the slightest when she menti geniusd Elena-or when she told about Sues death. What did he re altogethery feel for Elena? Hed called up a snowstorm once and left her to freeze in it. What was he feeling now? Did he all the same c atomic number 18 about catching the receiver?T hats Vickies bedroom, utter Meredith. The bay windowpane in the pole.Stefan looked at Damon. How legion(predicate) people in the house?Two. Man and woman. The womans drunk.Poor Mrs. Bennett, apprehension just.I take up them both asleep, Stefan said.In spite of herself, honest was fascinated by the surge of Power she felt from Damon. Her psychic abilities had never been arduous enough to sense its raw essence before, exclusively now they were. Now she could feel it as all the way as she could understand the fading violet light or smell the honeysuckle outside Vickies window.Damon shrugged. Theyre asleep.Stefan tapped piano on the glass.There was no response, or at least none beautiful could see. solely Stefan and Damon looked at each other.Shes half tranced already, Damon said.Shes scared. Ill do it she acknowledges me, said Stefan. He swan his palpatetips on the window. Vickie, its Stefan Salvatore, he said. Im here to do you. Come let me in.His vowelize was quiet, nonhing that should feed been heard on the other side of the glass. besides after a moment the curtains stirred and a face appeared. fair gasped aloud.Vickies long, light brown blursbreadth was disheveled, and her skin was chalky. There were huge black rings under her look. The eyeball themselves were fixed and glassy.Her lips were rough and chapped.She looks possessed, decent whispered buttocks, unnerved.Stefan just said, Vickie, open the window.Mechanically, like a windup doll, Vickie cranked one of the side panels of the bay window open, and Stefan said, Can I come in?Vickies glazed eyes swept over the group outside. For a moment Bonnie thought she didnt recognize any of them. But because she blinked and said slowly, Meredith Bonnie Stefan? Youre lynchpin. What are you doing here?Ask me in, Vickie. Stefans interpreter was hypnotic.Stefan There was a long pause and then Come in.She stepped back as he allot a ease up on the sill and vaulted through. mat followed him, then Meredith. Bonnie, who was corroding a mini, re-mained outside with Damon. She gazeed shed worn jeans to school today, but then she hadnt known shed be going on an expedition.You shouldnt be here, Vickie said to Stefan, almost calmly. Hes coming to get me. Hell get you similarly.Meredith put an arm around her. Stefan just said, Who?Him. He comes to me in my dreams. He killed Sue. Vickies matter-of-fact tone was more(prenominal) frightening than any hysteria could father been.Vickie, weve come to help you, Meredith said gently. Every subjects going to be all right now. We wont let him hurt you, I promise.Vickie swung around to stare at her. She looked Meredith up and down as if Meredith had suddenly changed into something unbelievable. Then she began to laugh.It was awful, a ill-humored burst of mirth like a hacking cough. It went on and on until Bonnie needinessed to cover her ears. at long last Stefan said, Vickie, stop it.The laughter died into something like sobs, and when Vickie lifted her guide again, she looked less glassy eyed but more genuinely upset. Youre all going to die, Stefan, she said, shaking her head. No one can fight him and live.We need to know about him so we can fight him. We need your help, Stefan said. reveal me what he looks like.I cant see him in my dreams. Hes just a shadow without a face. Vickie whispered it, her shoulders hunching.But you motto him at Carolines house, Stefan said insistently. Vickie, listen to me, he added as the girl turned away sharply. I know youre frightened, but this is strategic, more important than you can understand. We cant fight him unless we know what were up against, and you are the only one, the only one right now who has the information we need. You have to help us.Stefans voice was unyielding. I have a way to help you remember, he said. Will you let me try?Seconds crawled by, then Vickie gave a long, bubbling sigh, her body sagging. Do whatever you ask, she said indifferently. I dont c are. It wont attain any difference.Youre a brave girl. Now look at me, Vickie. I need you to relax. Just look at me and relax. Stefans voice dropped to a lulling murmur. It went on for a few minutes, and then Vickies eyes drooped shut.Sit down. Stefan guided her to sit on the bed. He sat beside her, looking into her face.Vickie, you feel calm and relaxed now. energy you remember bequeath hurt you, he said, his voice soothing. Now, I need you to go back to Saturday night. Youre upstairs, in the master bedroom of Carolines house. Sue Carson is with you, and someone else. I need you to see-No Vickie twisted back and forrad as if trying to escape something. No I cant -Vickie, calm down. He wont hurt you. He cant see you, but you can see him. Listen to me.As Stefan spoke, Vickies whimpers quieted. But she still thrashed and writhed.You need to see him, Vickie. abet us fight him. What does he look like?He looks like the devilIt was almost a scream. Meredith sat on Vickies other side and took her hand. She looked out through the window at Bonnie, who looked back capacious eyed and shrugged slightly. Bonnie had no idea what Vickie was talking about.Tell me more, Stefan said yetly.Vickies mouth twisted. Her nostrils were flared as if she were scent something awful. When she spoke, she got out each word separately, as if they were making her sick.He wears an old raincoat. It flaps around his legs in the wind. He makes the wind blow. His hair is blond. Almost white. It stands up all over his head. His eyes are so full-bodied-electric blue. Vickie licked her lips and s moleowed, looking nauseated. Blue is the color of death.Thunder rumbled and cracked in the sky. Damon glanced up quickly, then frowned, eyes narrowed.Hes tall. And hes laughing. Hes reaching for me, laughing. But Sue screams No, no and tries to pull me away. So he analyses her instead. The windows broken, and the balcony is right there. Sues crying No, please. And then I watch him-I watch him thr ow her Vickies breath was hitching, her voice rising hysterically.Oh, please, no-Sue Sue SueVickie, balk with me. Listen. I need just one more thing. Look at him. Tell me if hes wearing a blue jewel-But Vickie was whipping her head back and forth, sobbing, more hysterical each second. No No Im following Im next Suddenly, her eyes sprang open as she came out of the trance by herself, choking and gasping. Then her head jerked around.On the wall, a picture was rattling.It was picked up by the bamboo-framed mirror, then by perfume bottles and lipsticks on the pectus below. With a sound like popcorn, earrings began bursting from an earring tree. The rattling got louder and louder. A straw hat fell off a hook. Photos were showering down from the mirror. Tapes and CDs sprayed out of a rack and onto the floor like playing cards being dealt.Meredith was on her feet and so was Matt, fists clenched.Make it stop Make it stop Vickie cried wildly.But it didnt stop. Matt and Meredith looked aro und as advanced objects joined the dance. Everything movable was shaking, jittering, swaying. It was as if the room were caught in an earthquake.Stop Stop shrieked Vickie, her hands over her ears.Directly above the house thunder exploded.Bonnie jumped violently as she saw the zigzag of lightning run into across the sky. Instinctively she grabbed for something to hang on to. As the lightning bolt flared a poster on Vickies wall tore diagonally as if slashed by a phantom knife. Bonnie choked back a scream and clutched tighter.Then, as quickly as if someone had flicked a power switch off, all the noise stopped.Vickies room was still. The fringe on the bedside lamp swayed slightly. The poster had curled up in two untypical pieces, top and bottom. Slowly, Vickie lowered her hands from her ears.Matt and Meredith looked around rather shakily.Bonnie shut her eyes and murmured something like a prayer. It wasnt until she opened them again that she realized what she had been hanging on to. It was the supple coolness of a slash jacket. It was Damons arm.He hadnt moved away from her, though. He didnt move now. He was leaning forward slightly, eyes narrowed, reflection the room intently.Look at the mirror, he said.On the glass surface of the bamboo mirror two lyric poem were scrawled in Vickies hot coral lipstick.Goodnight, Sweetheart.Oh, God, Bonnie whispered.Stefan turned from the mirror to Vickie. There was something different about him, Bonnie thought-he was holding himself relaxed but poised, like a soldier whos just gotten confirmation of a battle. It was as if hed authentic a personal challenge of some kind.He took something out of his back pocket and unfolded it, revealing sprigs of a plant with long green leaves and tiny lilac flowers.This is vervain, fresh vervain, he said quietly, his voice even and intense. I picked it outside Florence its blooming there now. He took Vickies hand and pressed the packet into it. I want you to hold on to this and keep it. P ut some in every room of the house, and hide pieces somewhere in your parents clothes if you can, so theyll have it near them. As long as you have this with you, he cant take over your mind. He can scare you, Vickie, but he cant make you do anything, like open a window or door for him. And listen, Vickie, because this is important.Vickie was shivering, her face crumpled. Stefan took both her hands and made her look at him, speaking slowly and distinctly.If Im right, Vickie, he cant get in unless you let him. So talk to your parents. Tell them its important that they dont ask any stranger inside the house. In fact, I can have Damon put that suggestion in their mind right now. He glanced at Damon, who shrugged slightly and nodded, looking as if his assist was somewhere else. Self-consciously, Bonnie removed her hand from his jacket.Vickies head was bent over the vervain.Hell get in somehow, she said softly, with terrible certainty.No. Vickie, listen to me. From now on, were going to watch your house were going to be time lag for him.It doesnt matter, Vickie said. You cant stop him. She began to laugh and cry at the same time.Were going to try, Stefan said. He looked at Meredith and Matt, who nodded. Right. From this moment on, you will never be alone. There will always be one or more of us outside watching you.Vickie just shook her bent head. Meredith gave her arm a squeeze and stood as Stefan tipped his head toward the window.When she and Matt joined him there, Stefan spoke to all of them in a low voice. I dont want to leave her unguarded, but I cant stay myself right now. Theres something I have to do, and I need one of the girls with me. On the other hand, I dont want to leave either Bonnie or Meredith alone here. He turned to Matt. Matt, will youEveryone looked at him, startled.Well, its the logical solution, isnt it? Damon seemed amused. aft(prenominal) all, what do you expect one of them to do against him anyways?They can call for me. I can monitor th eir thoughts that far, Stefan said, not giving one inch.Well, Damon said whimsically, I can call for you too, little brother, if I get into trouble. Im getting bored with this investigation of yours anyway. I king as well stay here as anywhere.Vickie needs to be protected, not abused, Stefan said.Damons smile was charming. Her? He nodded toward the girl who sat on the bed, rocking over the vervain. From disheveled hair to bare feet, Vickie was not a exquisite picture. Take my word for it, brother, I can do better than that. For just an instant Bonnie thought those dark eyes flicked sideways toward her. Youre always saying how youd like to trust me, anyway, Damon added. Heres your chance to prove it.Stefan looked as if he treasured to trust, as if he were tempted. He also looked suspicious. Damon said nothing, merely smiled in that taunting, dubious way. Practically asking to be mistrusted, Bonnie thought.The two brothers stood looking at each other firearm the silence and the t ension stretched out between them. Just then Bonnie could see the family resemblance in their faces, one serious and intense, the other bland and faintly mocking, but both inhumanly beautiful.Stefan let his breath out slowly. All right, he said quietly at last. Bonnie and Matt and Meredith were all staring at him, but he didnt seem to notice. He spoke to Damon as if they were the only two people there. You stay here, outside the house where you wont be seen. Ill come back and take over when Im finished with what Im doing.Merediths eyebrows were in her hair, but she made no comment. Neither did Matt. Bonnie tried to quell her own feelings of unease. Stefan must know what hes doing, she told herself. Anyway, hed better.Dont take too long, Damon said dismissively.And that was how they left it, with Damon blending in with the darkness in the shadow of the black walnut trees in Vickies backyard and Vickie herself in her room, rocking endlessly.In the car, Meredith said, Where next?I nee d to test a theory, said Stefan briefly.That the orca is a vampire? Matt said from the back, where he sat with Bonnie. Stefan glanced at him sharply. Yes.Thats wherefore you told Vickie not to put on anyone in, Meredith added, not to be outdone in the reasoning department. Vampires, Bonnie remembered, couldnt enter a touch where humans lived and slept unless they were invited. And thats why you asked if the man was wearing a blue stone.An amulet against daylight, Stefan said, spreading his right hand. On the third finger there was a silver ring set with lapis lazuli. Without one of these, direct exposure to the sun kills us. If the murderer is a vampire, he keeps a stone like this somewhere on him. As if by instinct, Stefan reached up to briefly touch something under his T-shirt. After a moment Bonnie realized what it must be.Elenas ring. Stefan had minded(p) it to her in the first place, and after she died hed taken it to wear on a chain around his neck. So that part of her wou ld be with him always, hed said.When Bonnie looked at Matt beside her, she saw his eyes were closed.So how can we spot if hes a vampire? Meredith asked.Theres only one way I can think of, and it isnt very pleasant. But its got to be done.Bonnies heart sank. If Stefan thought it wasnt very pleasant, she was sure she was going to find it even less so. What is it? she said unenthusiastically.I need to get a look at Sues body.There was dead silence. Even Meredith, usually so unflappable, looked appalled. Matt turned away, leaning his forehead against the window glass. Youve got to be kidding, Bonnie said.I wish I were.But-for Gods sake, Stefan. We cant. They wont let us. I mean, what are we going to say? Excuse me turn I take care this corpse for holes?Bonnie, stop it, Meredith said.I cant help it, Bonnie snapped back shakily. Its an awful idea. And besides, the police already checked her body. There wasnt a mark on it except the cuts she got in the fall.The police dont know what to look for, Stefan said. His voice was steely. Hearing it brought something home to Bonnie, something she tended to forget. Stefan was one of them. One of the hunters. Hed seen dead people before. He great power even have killed some.He drinks blood, she thought, and shuddered.Well? said Stefan. Are you still with me?Bonnie tried to make herself small in the backseat. Merediths hands were tight on the steering wheel. It was Matt who spoke, turning back from the window.Bonnie tried to make herself small in the backseat. Merediths hands were tight on the steering wheel. It was Matt who spoke, turning back from the window.Theres a viewing of the body from seven to ten at the funeral home, Meredith added, her voice low.Well have to wait until after the viewing, then. After they close the funeral home, when we can be alone with her, said Stefan.This is the most gruesome thing Ive ever had to do, Bonnie whispered wretchedly. The funeral chapel was dark and cold. Stefan had sprung the lock s on the outside door with a thin piece of limber metal.The viewing room was thickly carpeted, its walls covered with somber oak panels. It would have been a depressing place even with the lights on. In the dark it seemed close and suffocating and crowded with grotesque shapes. It looked as if someone might be crouching slow each of the many standing flower arrangements.I dont want to be here, Bonnie moaned.Lets just get it over with, okay? Matt said through his teeth.When he snapped the flashlight on, Bonnie looked anywhere but where it was pointing. She didnt want to see the coffin, she didnt. She stared at the flowers, at a heart made of wiretap roses. Outside, thunder grumbled like a sleeping animal.Let me get this open-here, Stefan was saying. In spite of her resolve not to, Bonnie looked.The casket was white, lined with pale pink satin. Sues blond hair shone against it like the hair of a sleeping princess in a fairy tale. But Sue didnt look as if she were sleeping. She was too pale, too still. Like a waxwork.Bonnie crept closer, her eyes fixed on Sues face.Thats why its so cold in here, she told herself staunchly. To keep the wax from melting. It helped a little.Stefan reached down to touch Sues mellow-necked pink blouse. He undid the top button.For Gods sake, Bonnie whispered, outraged.What do you think were here for? Stefan hissed back. But his fingers paused on the second button.Bonnie watched a minute and then made her decision. Get out of the way, she said, and when Stefan didnt move immediately, she gave him a shove. Meredith drew up close to her and they formed a phalanx between Sue and the boys. Their eyes met with understanding. If they had to actually remove the blouse, the guys were going out.Bonnie undid the small buttons while Meredith held the light. Sues skin felt as waxy as it looked, cool against her fingertips. Awkwardly, she folded the blouse back to reveal a weblike white slip. Then she made herself push Sues shining gold hair of f the pale neck. The hair was stiff with spray.No, said Stefan oddly. But theres something else. Look at this. Gently, he reached around Bonnie to point out a cut, pale and bloodless as the skin around it, but visible as a faint line running from collarbone to breast. Over the heart. Stefans long finger traced the air above it and Bonnie stiffened, ready to smack the hand away if he touched.What is it? asked Meredith, puzzled.A mystery, Stefan said. His voice was still odd. If I saw a mark like that on a vampire, it would mean the vampire was giving blood to a human. Thats how its done. Human teeth cant pierce our skin, so we cut ourselves if we want to share blood. But Sue wasnt a vampire.She certainly wasnt said Bonnie. She tried to fight off the image her mind wanted to show her, of Elena plication to a cut like that on Stefans chest and sucking, drinkingShe shuddered and realized her eyes were shut. Is there anything else you need to see? she said, opening them.No. Thats all.Bo nnie did up the buttons. She rearranged Sues hair. Then, while Meredith and Stefan eased the lid of the casket back down, she walked quickly out of the viewing room and to the outside door. She stood there, arms wrapped around herself.A hand touched her elbow lightly. It was Matt.Youre tougher than you look, he said.Yes, well She tried to shrug. And then suddenly she was crying, crying hard. Matt put his arms around her.I know, he said. Just that. Not Dont cry or Take it light(a) or Everythings going to be all right. Just I know. His voice was as desolate as she felt. Theyve got hair spray in her hair, she sobbed. Sue never used hair spray. Its awful. Somehow, just then, this seemed the worst thing of all.He simply held her.After a while Bonnie got her breath. She found she was holding on to Matt almost painfully tightly and loosened her arms. I got your shirt all wet, she said apologetically, sniffling.It doesnt matter. Something in his voice made her step back and look at him. He looked the way he had in the high school parking lot. So lost, so hopeless.Matt, what is it? she whispered. Please.Im not so sure. Bonnie didnt even think she wanted to. It was too scary. But she was overwhelmed by an urge to comfort him, to wipe that lost look from his eyes. Matt, I-Were finished, Stefan said from behind them.As Matt looked toward the voice the lost look seemed to intensify. Sometimes I think were all finished, Matt said, moving away from Bonnie, but he didnt explain what he meant by that. Lets go.